Research Projects

• 基盤研究(C), Apr. 2020 - Mar. 2024, 20K03415, 幼児後期から児童期における自他身体認知の発達と共感性の深まり, 成瀬 九美, 日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 奈良女子大学, 3640000, 2800000, 840000, 年長児対象（把握課題）：棒を前額面で回転操作する棒回転課題を実施した．一周条件（2回停止して3分割する）と連続条件（停止回数指示なし．20秒間遂行）を設け，回転終了時の角度と次回転時の把握手を分析した．動作終了時の快適さ（ESC)や次の動作の開始時の快適さ(Start-State-Comfort; SSC)を観察した．5 歳児男女32名が参加した．
  一周条件の1回転目の停止角度は右回転98.0°，左回転104.9°と近似した．右回転は3回の回転範囲間に有意差があり3回転目が最も大きく，左回転は1回転目が最も大きくその後の2回転はほぼ均等であり，左右の遂行方略が異なった．連続条件は遂行中盤から明確な停止が作れず完遂児は28％に留まった．
  児童対象（メンタルローテーション課題, 以下MR）：手足部位のMRでは回内/回外の制限を受ける角度でMR時間が延長する．手足・裏表を組み合わせた4部位のイラストを用いた．6角度（0，60，120，180，240，300）×左右の12種類をランダム配置した調査用紙（B4）を作成し，制限時間（2分間）内に利き手足を選んだ．図形，文字（ひらがなや漢字），手足部位の順に学級ごとに集団実施した．1年生から4年生まで男女253人が参加した．正答数および選択順位を刺激間で比較した．
  1年生は「文字」の正答数が手足部位刺激より有意に多いが，2～4年生は「文字」と「手背」「足甲」の表面部位との差がなかった．手部位の正答数は全学年で「手背」が「手掌」よりも有意に多く，足部位は4年生のみ「足甲」が「足裏」より有意に多かった．3年生の「手掌」に男女差がみられ，男子の正答数が有意に多かった．手足部位のMRは当該部位を客体化した空間的・視覚的な処理と，自身の身体感覚に基づく処理があり，視覚的経験の少ない部位に対する後者の処理は3年生から4年生の時期に始まると考えられる．, kaken

  対象リソースIRI
• Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), 01 Apr. 2016 - 31 Mar. 2019, 16K04362, Research on self-regulation and attentional function in the process of synchronization of physical communication, Naruse Kumi, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Nara Women's University, 3900000, 3000000, 900000, Physical communication includes touch and imitation. Therefore, it has different characteristics from verbal communication. In physical communication, there are aspects of output that express one's own movements and aspects of acceptance that accept others' movements. Entrainment is a situation in which these aspects circulate smoothly between the other and the self. This study collected and analyzed the synchronization process by experiment and field work. (1) We extracted three factors related to excessive consciousness, and analyzed the relationship between anxiety and attention / interpersonal style. (2) The speed tuning process was visualized using the forearm rotation task. Furthermore, we analyzed the relationship between personal adjustment and communication skills. (3) We observed the free play of kindergarten children and analyzed the synchronization process from rhythm and space use. These results suggest the nature of self-regulation in physical communication., kaken

  対象リソースIRI
• Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), 2011 - 2013, 23500799, The process of synchronized movement during non-verbal communication in group as clinical application, NARUSE KUMI, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Nara Women's University, 5330000, 4100000, 1230000, Synchronized movement is considered as a result of the social integration. We often feel synchrony when we move at the same rhythm, the same posture or the same space. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the complementary relationship and the modulating process of the movement in the dyad non-verbal communication and in the polyad non-verbal communication. We made the experiments utilizing the finger-tapping task and improvised dance task. Moreover we observed the several activity, such as, the chattering of the university student, the out-door cooking of the primary schoolchildren, and the group moving of the kindergarten children., kaken

  対象リソースIRI
• Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), 2008 - 2010, 20500546, The process of synchronized movement speed during non-verbal communication, NARUSE Kumi, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Nara Women's University, 3640000, 2800000, 840000, When several people move at the same rhythm, they often feel synchrony. Synchronized movement is considered as a result of the social integration.The main purpose of this study was to investigate the modulating process of the movement speed in the dyad non-verbal communication. We made the experiments utilizing the forearm rotation task, the finger-tapping task, and the pat-a-cake task (hand clapping movement between two people), moreover we observed kindergarten children who played with blocks.During dyad communication, depending on the situation, both people will try to adjust the movement speed of the other person. Under this complementary relationship, the new dyad rhythm is gradually formed., kaken

  対象リソースIRI
• Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), 2004 - 2005, 16500462, Effect of pace adjustment with others on respiration, heart rate, and mood state, NARUSE Kumi, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Nara Women's University, 1900000, 1900000, When individuals perform voluntary movements, they choose a spontaneously appropriate pace that is known as "preferred pace". Several investigations have reported that intra-individual consistency and inter-individual differences in preferred pace. In everyday life we sometimes perform the mutual adjustment with others, which is assumed to be one of the essential forms of the physical communications. In this case, we are forced to adjust our own comfortable pace to those of others. The purpose of this study was to investigate psychophysiologic responses during the pace adjustment.
  In chapter 1, the usefulness of the study for human communication along with issues concerning self-selected pace are noted. In chapter 2, the various the words that are associated to slow and fast were classified, from the viewpoint on how humans feel when they imagine under those paces. We pointed out that different movement paces associate with different feelings. In chapter 3, psychophysiological responses to slow movement execution are discussed. We pointed out that breath control may be required in order to adjust each individuals' preferred pace slow interval stimulus, and influence on their mood state negatively since these are difficult performances. In chapter 4, the communication process through body expression in the case of group work session was analyzed. The results suggest that the third participant may be a key person who helps to understand an image easily for another person participated in the same play. In chapter 5, two experiments were designed to put the pace adjustment skill for practical use., kaken

  対象リソースIRI
• 奨励研究(A), 1997 - 1998, 09780105, 他者の身体への注視行動に関する実験的研究-発達的および文化的側面からの検討-, 成瀬 九美, 日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 樟蔭女子短期大学, 2100000, 2100000, 運動の習得過程では、鏡やビデオを利用して、習得した動作の自己修正を行う場合がある。付加的なフィードバックは、それまでの主観的な観察から客観的な観察への移行をもたらすものと考えられるが、本年度の研究は、ビデオによる付加的で非言語的なフィードバックが運動修正に及ぼす影響を検討することを目的とした。被験者は21才から22才までの大学生女子6名、課題動作は舞楽作品の一連の動作で、所要時間は26.5秒だった。女性が示範する様子をビデオに収録して呈示し、これを繰り返し遂行することによって習得した動作と、ビデオフィードバック後の修正動作のそれぞれに対して動作分析を行い、比較した。
  修正された動作に見られた特性は以下の通りである。
  1. 習得時の遂行時間は示範に近似し、修正時に示範より短縮した。
  2. 上肢フォルムは下肢よりも詳細に修正される傾向にあった。
  本実験の結果から、ビデオによるフィードバックは動作の時間的要素や空間的要素の部分的な修正に効果的といえるが、一カ所のフォルムを修正することが他のフォルムの誤再生を生じさせた例などの、負の効果も指摘された。, kaken

  対象リソースIRI