Research Projects

• 基盤研究(C), 01 Apr. 2020 - 31 Mar. 2023, 20K00645, 古代日本語の訓詁と表記体の研究, 佐野 宏; 蜂矢 真郷; 尾山 慎; 乾 善彦; 内田 賢徳, 日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 京都大学, 3640000, 2800000, 840000, 主として訓点資料（日本書紀古訓を含む）を中心とした訓詁による表記体分析（表記に対応する語彙と語構成の検討）を進めた。訓字表記の傾向を観察し、その固定性や典拠語のあり方を記述する中で思わぬ発見があった。たとえば、「沈」「鎮」はいずれもシヅムと訓じられるが語頭アクセントが異なり、シタ・シモ「下」の語構成とも相俟って「沈」と「鎮」のシヅムは語形成上は別語であるとみられる。この一連の検討の中で、アクセントの表示という観点から表記を観察する視点が得られた。万葉集では音節単位の変字法を含めても、語の仮名表記が二次的表語性を獲得する中で固定的な文字列による「語の表記体」を形成する傾向にある。その場合、アクセントと仮名字母選択が相関するか否かの検証が必要である。とくに日本書紀歌謡で確認できる「仮借」由来の借音仮名群、単音節の借訓仮名群がアクセントとの相関の有無の検証は計画にはなかったが、新視点として今期に得られた結果である。仮にアクセントに対応した仮名表記があれば、より「仮借」的であるといえようし、原音声母と無関係に清濁に両用するのはより「仮名」的であるということになる。加えて、日本書紀、古事記、萬葉集の「語の表記体」を観察すると、借音仮名にあって「妣」のように清濁仮名の両用例が散見される。「妣」は木下正俊（1965）「手火の清濁」（『萬葉』56）の指摘があるが、橋本四郎（1959）「「ことば」と「字音假名」―上代語の清濁を中心に―」（『萬葉』30号）が指摘したように表語性との関わりから課題が多い。アクセントや清濁の表記は語の表記体中の「仮名」であることを示す点で、仮名の用法から仮名の文字への転換の指標になるのかもしれない。今期は学外調査が十分に行えない環境であったが、Zoom、slackを活用して一定の成果を得ることができた。, kaken

  対象リソースIRI
• Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), 01 Apr. 2019 - 31 Mar. 2022, 19K00645, A Study of the Interrelationship between and Observed in the Ancient Japanese Writing Style and Writing Environment, Oyama Shin, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Nara Women's University, 3900000, 3000000, 900000, In the study of ancient Japanese, it is important to distinguish between characters and notations, and it is significant to compare kana (phonetic characters) with kunnji (phonetic characters) and to conduct a statistical survey of words rather than characters alone. In addition, we took a parallel view of the acceptance of kango (Chinese), one of the word varieties of Japanese, by adopting it with Chinese pronunciation (on-yomi) and by replacing it with Japanese (kun-yomi). The results of the above research have already been published in a monograph, "Ancient Japanese Characters and Notation" (Kacho-sha 2021)., kaken

  対象リソースIRI
• Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), 01 Apr. 2017 - 31 Mar. 2020, 17K02796, Reconstruction of the method for the study of oldJapanese lexcon, INUI Yoshihiko, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Kansai University, 3640000, 2800000, 840000, We presented that we can get a new method for the study of Old Japanese lexcon with the reconsideration of all descriptions in "Jidaibetsu Kokugo Daijiten Jodaihen"(the dictionary of old Japanese in 7~8C period). We can rewrite this dictionary with contemporary level in the studing this branch, so we get new scene of the study of Old Japanese lexcon., kaken

  対象リソースIRI
• Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), 01 Apr. 2015 - 31 Mar. 2018, 15K02566, the study of notation style of writing in ancient japanese, sano hiroshi; Doi Miyuki, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Kyoto University, 4420000, 3400000, 1020000, Let's imagine that we phonogically describe Japanese words using “Kanji”(漢字) which has many choices for phonogramic. The writer can freely select the character corresponding to the Japanese syllable. However, if there are restrictions on the characters used for each word, the writer can not choose his favorite characters. The results of this survey revealed that regular notation exists in ancient Japanese. In addition, we have revealed that there are two kinds of letters used for phonetic characters, one with regularity for each word, the other with characters out of that rule., kaken

  対象リソースIRI
• Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B), 01 Apr. 2014 - 31 Mar. 2017, 26770161, On the correlation between "on-kana" and "kun-kana" in ancient Japanese, Oyama Shin, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Nara Women's University, 2860000, 2200000, 660000, To qualify for kun - kana, counting the number of examples is not enough.It is necessary to clarify in what environment the character is used.For example, in an environment where on-kana is frequently used, study a few kun-kana Then you can see how kun-kana is established.Until now, kun-kana has been intensely studied in environments where kunji is often used. It was a matter of course, but for the first time the relationship with on-kana is clarified, the identity of kun-kana will become clear.The material has a limit. Therefore, there is no need to seek methods other than counting the number of examples like this, but this research could achieve that., kaken

  対象リソースIRI
• Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), 01 Apr. 2012 - 31 Mar. 2015, 24520513, A STUDY OFJAPANESE WAY OF READING IN NARA ERA, MOURI MASAMORI; OYAMA Shin; SANO Hiroshi, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Kogakkan University, 4810000, 3700000, 1110000, We Japanese could not invent Japanese characters in ancient Japan.But gradually we acquired Japanese to write it while undergoing influence Chinese characters.At present it is generally understood that the sentences of ancient Japanese books and historical documents are written in anomalous Chinese writing style .Anomalous Chinese writing style is the writing style which was intended to be in the regｕlar Chinese writing style.But in “Yamato writing style”style in which the Japanese sentences were written using Chinese characters.For one conclusion I examined Naxi language and got various questionnaires in China.I examined the history of the study concerning “Yamato writing style” and claims that we need to start the new “Yamato writing style”., kaken

  対象リソースIRI
• Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B), 2009 - 2011, 21720161, Research of Manyou-kana which has a consonant syllable at the end in the literature of ancient Japan, OYAMA Shin, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Osaka City University, 3120000, 2400000, 720000, In ancient Japan, the feature when writing Japanese using a Chinese character(nigou-kana and ryakuon-kana) was researched. It was clearly known by this research that one kana comes to have one syllable. This research does not only measure the frequency in use of kana, and is not only what investigates that position used. In ancient Japan, the method and actual condition how to write a word and a sentence are clarified., kaken

  対象リソースIRI
• 漢字による日本語表記の史的研究 仏教声楽の節博士と日本語音韻についての研究, 0, 0, 0, Competitive research funding