YOSHIDA Yoko

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Profile and Settings

• Name (Japanese)

  Yoshida

• Name (Kana)

  Yoko

Degree

• doctor of letters, Osaka City University
• master of education, Yokohama National University

Research Interests

• feminist geography, social geography, urban geography, economic geography, gender

Research Areas

• Humanities & social sciences, Geography

Research Experience

• Apr. 2013, 奈良女子大学研究院人文科学系 教授
• Apr. 2007, Mar. 2012, 奈良女子大学文学部 准教授
• Apr. 2002, Mar. 2007, 奈良女子大学文学部 助教授
• Apr. 1996, Mar. 2002, 摂南大学国際言語文化学部 講師
• Apr. 1994, Mar. 1996, 秋田経済法科大学経済学部 講師

Education

• Apr. 1989, Mar. 1994, Osaka City University, Graduate School, Division of Letters, 地理学
• Apr. 1987, Mar. 1989, Yokohama National University, Graduate School, Division of Education, 社会科教育（地理）
• Apr. 1983, Mar. 1987, Ritsumeikan University, Faculty of Literature, 地理学

Teaching Experience

• Apr. 2020, Aug. 2020
• Apr. 2020, Aug. 2020
• Oct. 2020, Feb. 2021
• Apr. 2020, Aug. 2020
• Apr. 2020, Aug. 2020
• Oct. 2020, Feb. 2021
• Oct. 2020, Feb. 2021
• Oct. 2020, Feb. 2021
• Apr. 2020, Aug. 2021
• Sep. 2020, Feb. 2021
• Apr. 2020, Aug. 2020
• Oct. 2020, Feb. 2021
• Apr. 2020, Sep. 2020

Association Memberships

• 地理科学学会
• 日本女性学会
• 人文地理学会
• 立命館地理学会
• 奈良地理学会
• 経済地理学会
• 日本地理学会

Ⅱ．研究活動実績

Published Papers

• Refereed, Gender, Place & Culture： A Journal of Feminist Geography, Gender Geography in Japan: the Trajectory, Fruits of Research and Future Challenges, YOSHIDA Yoko, Apr. 2019, 26, 10.1080/0966369X.2018.1552929

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• Refereed, Geographical Review of Japan, Ser.B, Geography of Gender and Qualitative Methoda in Japan: Focusing on Studies that have Analyzed Life Histories, YOSHIDA Yoko, Jan. 2017, 89, 1, 4-13
• Refereed, Urban Geography, Japanese Urban Geography, History of the Formation of Entertainment Districts in Sasebo City during the Postwar Years::A Focus on the Relationships among Various Agents, YOSHIDA Yoko,

  Social relationships, understood as interactions among agents, become tangible when reflected in spaces. Therefore, it is essential to consider social relationships, which manifest in those cities being examined as research subjects. This article investigates how we can understand such spaces, using the example of Sasebo City, Nagasaki. Focusing on the entertainment districts (particularly the red-light districts) during the postwar years, this article seeks to explain clearly the relationship between the authorities—the state and regional administrations—and various agents; how these institutions considered the latter as "other"; and, finally, how this was reflected in the formation and reorganization of entertainment districts. Using a local newspaper and administration records from the years immediately following the war as sources, this article investigates the emergence of Sasebo's entertainment districts.

  The second chapter considers the emergence of red-light districts and foreigner bars immediately after the war and investigates which prewar characteristics of the entertainment and commercial districts survived and continued into the postwar years. The third chapter discusses the distribution of whorehouses for the US army and the presence of their owners, who became an institution during the economic boom from the Korean War. The fourth chapter considers how these foreigner bars and the red-light district for the US army addressed the discipline and hygiene control enacted by the US army and the Sasebo authorities. It applies this knowledge to understand the conflict arising among the different stakeholders active in entertainment districts. The fifth chapter then traces the process of reorganizing the foreigner bars and two red-light districts (one for the US army and the other for the Japanese) by focusing on Sasebo's economic depression and the enactment of the Anti-Prostitution Law following the Korean Armistice Agreement. Because of these factors, some of the foreigner bars hit by the economic depression transformed their businesses into cinemas or marketplaces and began welcoming Japanese customers. When whorehouses for both the US army and Japanese reorganized as one group, a sexual space was reproduced. However, because of the impending enactment of the Anti-Prostitution Law, both whorehouses began to transition into Japanese inns and were made open to the general public to rent. However, the foreigner bar district was free from the influence of this law, and therefore the situation there did not change. The examples above represent some of the methods used in response to each situation by which Sasebo authorities, whorehouse owners, and prostitutes reorganized spaces of pleasure into dynamic spaces in postwar Sasebo, while dealing with the control and authority of the Allied Forces (primarily the US Army).

  , 2015, 10, 0, 61, 77, 10.32245/urbangeography.10.0_61

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• Refereed, Geographical Review of Japan, Ser.B, Toward the Development of the Geography of Gender: Advances in Research and Prospects, YOSHIDA Yoko; YOSHIDA Yoko; MURATA Yohei; KAGEYAMA Honami, Aug. 2013, 86, 1, 33-39
• Refereed, GEOGRAPHICAL SCIENCES, THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR GEOGRAPHICAL SCIENCES, Reaction of Local Community against a Facility for U.S. Forces and the Neighboring Amusement Street : The Case of Nara Rest and Recuperation Center, YOSHIDA Yoko, The purpose of this paper is to examine people's views on "panpans" (prostitutes), pimps, and the American soldiers who frequented the amusement street neighboring the Nara Rest and Recuperation Center, which was established on May 1, 1952, for American soldiers returning from the Korean War. The paper also presents the negative effects of the panpans, pimps, and soldiers on the local residents and Nara, an ancient city and a tourist destination, and clarifies how the local residents, Nara city, Nara Prefecture, and the Japanese government handled these effects. The amusement street appeared as soon as the Nara Rest and Recuperation Center was set up in the former town of Yokoryou-chou in Nara city. Two main local newspapers reported that some groups of pimps and their panpans tempted American soldiers in the amusement street, and then the local residents thought pimps and panpans were immoral. It can be said that the amusement street was a place where panpans sold themselves to American soldiers. The local residents became anxious about the amusement street, because in addition to causing educational problems for their children, it spoiled the image of Nara as an age-old and a tourist city. The local residents blamed the Nara Rest and Recuperation Center for the presence of the amusement street and demanded the relocation/abolition of the center. It is interesting to note that the Nara UNESCO cooperation meeting assumed a leading role in the demand for the relocation/abolition of the Nara Rest and Recuperation Center, citing the effect of the amusement street, with its panpans and pimps, on the children's education as the main reason. The cooperation meeting was originally a civic organization that strived to preserve and protect the culture and natural heritage of Nara, and so it emphasized the necessity of protecting the old culture of Nara. It demanded that the center not be relocated but abolished. It can be said that some of the activities in the demand for the relocation/abolition of the Nara Rest and Recuperation Center were done in the different context, protecting the old culture, from the practices at Yokohama and Kokura. From a viewpoint of gender, it should be pointed out that the problem which panpans could not but sell themselves to American soldiers was not discussed in the activities that demanded for the relocation/abolition of the Nara Rest and Recuperation Center. The local residents of the amusement street as well as its managers, panpans, and pimps were deceived when the Japanese government and U.S. Forces authorities suddenly changed their manner of dealing with the center. Soon after the official announcement that the Rest and Recuperation Center was moved from Yokoryou-chou in Nara to the city of Kobe, it was decided that the U.S. Armed Forces Marine Corps be stationed in Nara city for a while. The marines in Nara actually went to private houses and hospitals at midnight and asked for women. This suggests that so long as an army exists, the problems of gender over violence and sex, which military affairs contained, cannot be solved., 2010, 65, 4, 245, 265, 10.20630/chirikagaku.65.4_245

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• Refereed, 地理科学, 郊外空間のジェンダー化, YOSHIDA Yoko, Jul. 2006, 61, 3, 72-81
• Refereed, E-journal GEO, The Association of Japanese Geographers, Gender Studies in Human Geography: Observation on Gender Relations Hidden in Space, YOSHIDA Yoko, Gender studies have accepted in the various disciplines, which aim at making clear the structure of system that keeps female under male dominance and power relations that occur there. In the 1970s, many female geographers in the English-speaking countries criticized that traditional geography inclined toward masculinism and they endeavored to show asymmetrical power relations between men and women which are projected on space. The first purpose of this paper is to overview the progress of gender studies in the English-speaking countries. The second purpose is to review gender studies in Japanese geography. Thirdly, I would like to show two examples in order to examine gender relations hidden between men and women at private level, which are transformed to bigger power relations and then are reflected and projected on space. One example is the residential section that should also be called a "surveillance space" built in suburbs of the metropolitan area, and another is the pleasures area built for the U.S. soldiers in Okinawa when construction of military bases has begun in the 1950s., 2006, 1, 1, 22, 29, 10.4157/ejgeo.1.22

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• Refereed, GEOGRAPHICAL SCIENCES, THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR GEOGRAPHICAL SCIENCES, Geographical Approach on Issue of Women's Employment (Geographical Approach to Life-world : Some Challenges toward the Good Life), YOSHIDA Y., 1998, 53, 3, 217, 226, 10.20630/chirikagaku.53.3_217

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• Refereed, Geographical Review of Japa,. Ser. A, Chirigaku Hyoron, The Association of Japanese Geographers, The Development of Feminist Geography in Europe and North America, YOSHIDA Yohko, This paper reviews the theoretical development of feminist geography in Europe and North Ameri ca, and discusses some issues with which feminist geography is concerned at present. As feminists have blamed male hegemony, which has dominated scholarship, for excluding of women from the production of knowledge, so feminist geographers have led the debate on the exclusion of women from the production of geographical knowledge. Monk and Hanson, in their 1982 paper, titled ‘On not excluding half of the human in human geography’, began the discussion of the exclusive production of geographical knowledge by men.
  The second section explains the historical and social context of feminist geography and how it has developed, dividing the process generally into two stages: (1) From the mid-1970's to the late 1980's: In the mid-1970's, feminist geography, which emerged as a criticism of excluding women as objects of study, began to focus on such women, who are situated unequally in both public and private spheres, and then attempted to describe and map the situation of women in detail. Throughout the 1980's, influenced by Marxism and social feminism, feminist scholarship aimed to do away with sex discrimination and female exploitation by working against both capitalism and the patriarchy which promote sexual inequality. (2) From the end of the 1980's to the present : Feminist geographers placed women into the production of geographical knowledge, restoring the positive value of “femininity”. They began with examinations of difference and diversity among women and with discussions on the construction of gender and identity. Then feminist geograhers started to take an interest not only in sexual difference but also in race, religion, and class as causes of social inequality. Besides discussing how gender was constructed through spatial images, representation, meanings and environment, which are freed from real boundaries, women geographers began to investigate the influence of postcolonialism and the anti-Western tradition which it founded. To claim knowledge is the most important issue for feminist geography in recent years. When time and space change, social relations are reconstructed. So the construction of a partial or situated knowledge is often necessary.
  The third section, referring to Harvey (1989), who examines the relation between postmodernism and feminism, and including the critical view of Deutshe (1991) and Massey (1991), points out that post modernism fails to notice an important aspect of discourse -the differences and diversity of feminism and that it cannot emerge from the shell of authority which places men at the center.
  The fourth section, in the context of postfordism, discusses the reconstruction of male and female labor forces into what McDowell (1991) called a “new gender order” in the labor market.
  The concluding section lists three issues with which feminist geography is concerned holds today: the interdependence of feminism and geography, feminist geography and masculinity, and skepticism about theorizing in feminist geography., Apr. 1996, 69, 4, 242, 262, 10.4157/grj1984a.69.4_242

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• Refereed, The Human Geography, The Human Geographical Society of Japan, Changes in labor force supply and the gender division of labor : a report from the textile industry (in Japanese), YOSHIDA Yoko, An elucidation of the labor market's structure has been one issue under debate in textile industry studies in economic geography in Japan. Many reports explain socio-economic attributes including sex, age and pay from detailed investigation, and define the labor force in the labor market. It goes without saying that the textile industry is typically labor-oriented, in that it employs a younger female labor force which is placed at the bottom of the pay scale. And textile studies have pointed out the structure of the labor market, paying attention to this younger female labor force, however, but have not yet examined the discussion that labor quality, which is related to gender difference, is an important factor that places female labor force in such a position within the labor market. Moreover, there is a growing need for consideration of labor quality in the context of a new production system, that is 'flexible production', therefore it is thought that in the complicated and multiplied labor structure today, an examination from the standpoint of gender is important.This article attempts to examine the male and female labor force in the textile industry placed in the labor market, focusing on their labor quality. Currently, technological innovation and restructuring are also under way in the textile industry in Japan. There have, however, been few detailed reports of the topic of gender difference in the labor market, that is to say, about how these factors affect the supply structure of male and female workers in the labor market and the gender division of labor. The subject hitherto has received but scant attention even in foreign countries irrespective of differences in industrial sector. Worthy of note in our country is that since the 1980's, sociologists and economists have been engaged in exploring macro aspects such as nationwide trends of division of labor by sex. Nonetheless, they have neither dealt with the spatial dimensions of the trends nor have they made an exhaustive study of a particular industry or region. Thus it cannot be denied that their studies are far from satisfactory especially at meso or micro levels. Needless to say, these problems must be solved through geographical investigations.Keeping in mind the status quo of research, the second section of this paper examines spatial dimensions of gender difference in the local labor market of each manufacturing sector in Aichi Prefecture, which shows one of the highest rates of manufacturing workers in Japan. A difference of dependence on female labor force between manufacturing sectors, and the changing of dependence on their labor force from the transition period (1970) to recent years (1985) were clear. The following shows that concretely. A higher female employment rate (60∼68%) in the textile sector in both 1970 and 1985 suggests that this sector depends on female labor forces. However, contrasting to this sector, steel, general machinery and transportation machinery have a lower female employment rate (10∼30%). This suggests the existence of a sector-specific gender division of labor. Moreover, a remarkable reduction of the female employment rate in the textile sectors observed in two regions, both the western part of Owari and the southwestern part of Mikawa. The former region, which is a traditional textile district and has a high rate of industrial added-value, is selected as the study area here.The third section is devoted to exploring a changing source of labor force supply in this region. Examination is made for two separate periods: from the special procurement boom of the Korean War (1950∼53) to the first oil crisis in 1973, young female workers (especially new school leavers) were dominant, while, after the crisis, middle-aged and old workers have played a major role., Dec. 1994, 46, 4, 1-22, 580, 10.4200/jjhg1948.46.559

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• Refereed, GEOGRAPHICAL SCIENCES, THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR GEOGRAPHICAL SCIENCES, Recent Reorganization of Economic Base in Mountain Village--A Report from Kanayama in Central Japan, YOSHIDA Yoko, This paper seeks to clarify recent changes of economic base in mountain village, where water power sources were developed during the high economic growth period of the two decades since the mid-1950s and in a short term, a remarkable increase and decrease in population due to the dam construction was found. Special attention is devoted to elucidate how the village, which was affected greatly by the dam construction in economic and financial terms, has reorganized the base, by examining micro characteristics of employment and wage by each household and worker. The study area is Kanayama-cho. Gifu Prefecture in Central Japan. Its key features are discussed in the second section. In the third section, the changing base of Kanayama's economy in terms of its industry and finance is examined as a whole, by comparing the two periods before and after 1976, when the three dams in the municipality were completed. During the first period, when they were under construction, establishments and employed person had an increase in number. Moreover, the municipality positively invited factories to the sites which were repaired in relation to the dam construction. Immediately after the completion of the construction work, the financial ability index remarkably rose owing to the upturn of the fixed property tax to the local tax. Nevertheless, there was a slump in construction industry and no remarkable growth of employment opportunity was found. As the property associated with the dams was redeemed, an increase of the revenue was not expected. As a result, the financial ability index gradually decreased, although the designation of kaso-chiiki (or serious depopulation area) was canceled in 1980. These imply the municipality's unstable economic base, which could change in relatively short term. The fourth section elucidates micro-level features of the economic bases, specifically employment and wage structure by each household and worker, based on the questionnaire survey in 1990 for the sample factories and households. Although the rate of intra-municipality employment is quite high (more than ninety percent), a minute inquiry shows that male workers between the twentieth and fortieth tend to work outside the municipality than those of the fiftieth and more. Besides, because of continuous outflow of young labor force, there are rather rich employment opportunites for female workers and middle-aged and old male workers at local manufacturing plants. It is also indicated that the wages of "female jobs" for married women of the late twentieth and thirtieth are as high as, or higher than, the ones of men of the same age. These married female workers tend to live together with their mathers-in-law, who can take partial charge of housework and child-rearing. Since the completion of the dam construction. Kanayama succeeded in forming its own local labor market, particularly in the division of manufacturing and assembly. However, whereas the middle-aged and old male workers have played the central part, female workers can be regarded as supplementary and marginal. Additionally, it should be noted that the labor market has lacked young workers., 1993, 48, 4, 233, 254, 10.20630/chirikagaku.48.4_233

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• Refereed, Japanese Journal of Human Geography, The Human Geographical Society of Japan, Geographical Studies on Women's Employment in English-speaking Countries and Their Implications for Japanese Geography, YOSHIDA Yohko, This paper seeks to review the existing geographical literature in the English-speaking countries concerned with women's employment, which has been quite a popular topic since the second half of the 1970s, and to obtain implications for Japanese geography, which has paid little attention to the subject thus far. The viewpoint here is limited to employed women workers living within metropolitan areas or their suburbs.
  In the second section, the background of interests in a proliferation of the topic as an important component of gender research is sought. In this regard, the author refers to the recent tendencies, especially in metropolitan areas of these countries, of expanding female-headed households (caused by a rise of marriage and childbearing age, a decreasing birth rate and an increasing labor participation rate), an increase of poor women and the impacts of economic restructuring of labor market.
  The third section, with the two sub-sections titled behavioral approach and structural approach, based on Rutherford and Wekerle's terminology, is devoted to a detailed introduction of and a brief commentary on the previous studies obtained in the English-speaking world. The former approach treats the four specific themes of commuting/ residential choice, time use, feminization of poverty' and labor market segmentation by gender, while the latter deals with the three themes of the impact of economic restructuring, feminization of poverty, and the relationship between local labor market and regional policy. It is demonstrated that the two approaches should be complementary, implying that integrating them will potentially contribute to a fuller understanding of the complicated female employment situation in segmented labor markets in the real world.
  Then, in the fourth section, after a brief explanation of temporal change of Japan's labor market since the 1960s, when the women's employment rate began to rise rapidly in the context of fast economic growth, the previous literature on women's employment in the fields of economics and sociology, which expressed an earlier concern for this subject than geography in Japan, is referred to. A few papers in our discipline are also reviewed.
  In the concluding section, possible future tasks in Japanese geography are discussed. Spatial aspects of women's employment and the female labor market should be elucidated by geographers, since the past studies by economists and sociologists are insufficient in a spatial sense. Moreover, although employed women workers have often been regarded as ‘homo economicus’ in economics and economic geography, such a one-sided perspective, which can lead to a view that they are the subjects of exploitation by capital, is highly dangerous in light of an increasing tendency towards individualism and a diversification of value system in current society. The first segmentation of the labor market, or division of all workers into managerials (the primary labor market) and semi-skilled or unskilled blue collar (and partially white collar) workers (the secondary labor market) has intensively been under way in the context of a changing capital accumulation toward a flexible manufacturing system. Note that most employed women workers are included in the secondary labor market. Additionally, another or ‘secondary segmentation’ (Horn-Kawashima, 1985) has also been taking place within the secondary labor market, implying a division of all employed women workers into elite and mass. Specific spatial aspects of this ‘secondary segmentation’ have remained unclarified, although those of the first one have been discussed rather minutely., 1993, 45, 1, 44, 67, 10.4200/jjhg1948.45.44

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• Refereed, Annals of The Japan Association of Economic Geographers, The change of economic base in a mountain village : a case study of Inabu-cho in central Japan (in Japanese), YOSHIDA Yoko, Mar. 1990, 36, 1, 40-60, 60

MISC

• Not Refereed, TRENDS IN THE SCIENCES, Japan Science Support Foundation, Circumstances on Developing Countries' Women under the Globalization, YOSHIDA Yoko, 2018, 23, 7, 7_30, 7_34, 10.5363/tits.23.7_30

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• Not Refereed, 奈良女子大学地理学・地域環境学研究報告, 奈良女子大学文学部地理学・地域環境学研究報告編集委員会, A Report on the Regional Revitalization after the Financial Bankruptcy in Yubari City, Hokkaido: Focusing on a Local Economy and an Aging Society, YOSHIDA Yoko, 30 May 2015, 8, 93, 110

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• Not Refereed, 人文地理, 学界展望「社会地理」, YOSHIDA Yoko, Jun. 2011, 63, 3, 33-36
• Not Refereed, 『都市空間における女性の商品化』平成19-22年度科学研究費補助金(基盤研究(B))研究成果報告書(研究代表者：奈良女子大学 吉田容子), 敗戦後の日本における都市空間の「軍事化」－朝鮮戦争時の佐世保市の風紀・衛生取締りに着目して－, YOSHIDA Yoko, Mar. 2011
• Not Refereed, Studies in geography and regional environment research, Nara Women's University, Nara Women's University, An Examination of Amusement Center Neighboring the U.S. Military Base in Okinawa Prefecture: A Case Study in Kin-cho, Yoshida Yoko, 30 Mar. 2010, Ⅶ, 7, 113, 129

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• Not Refereed, 『社会経済構造の転換と21世紀の都市圏ビジョン』平成16-18年度科学研究費補助金(基盤研究(A)(1))研究成果報告書(研究代表者：鳥取大学 藤井正), 郊外空間のジェンダー化－タウンセキュリティシステムを備えた住宅地を事例として－, YOSHIDA Yoko, Mar. 2007, 36-49
• Not Refereed, 『奈良盆地における景観の再評価に関する基礎的研究』平成16-18年度科学研究費補助金(基盤研究(B)(2))研究成果報告書(研究代表者：奈良女子大学 松本博之), 1950年代初期における「奈良RRセンター」をめぐる空間のポリティックス－地方紙「大和タイムス」を資料として－, YOSHIDA Yoko, Mar. 2007, 98-114
• Not Refereed, 『空間・場所をめぐる諸権力の解明』平成15-17年度科学研究費補助金(基盤研究(B)(1))研究成果報告書(研究代表者：奈良女子大学 吉田容子), 沖縄米軍基地周辺の特飲街における諸権力の様相－とくにジェンダーの視点から－, YOSHIDA Yoko, Mar. 2006, 1-33
• Not Refereed, 『中国文明のフロンティアゾーンにおける都市的集落の発生と変容』平成13-16年度科学研究費補助金基盤研究(A)(2)研究成果報告書(研究代表者：奈良女子大学 戸祭由美夫), 沖縄における「基地の街」と女性, YOSHIDA Yoko, Mar. 2005, 271-281
• Not Refereed, Tokyo Keizai University Academic Research Center, Living in the Suburbs : the Problems of‘security’and‘control’, YOSHIDA Yoko, Jul. 2004, 4, 184-190
• Not Refereed, Grant-in-Aid for Science Reserach B(1), 2002-2003, Japan Society for the Promotion Science, 大都市郊外住宅地の課題－住民の高齢化に着目して－, YOSHIDA Yoko, Mar. 2004, 199-216
• Not Refereed, Grant-in-Aid for Science Research B(1), 2000-2002, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, ジェンダー研究と地理学, YOSHIDA Yoko, Mar. 2003, 1-17
• Not Refereed, Chiri(Kokonshoin), 古今書院, Gender and the viewpoin of feminist in geography (in Japanese), YOSHIDA Yoko, Feb. 2002, 47, 2, 4, 9

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• Not Refereed, Annual Report of Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences(The Faculty of Letters, Nara Women's University), Nara Women's University, Arguing about masculinist spaces from a critical stance : taking the case of new town in Japan (in Japanese), YOSHIDA Yoko, 2002, 46, 73-89, 90

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• Not Refereed, Space, Society and Geographical Thought, Social geographies of women's fear of crime, YOSHIDA Yoko, 犯罪への恐怖を地図化するような伝統的アプローチは、ジェンダーの不平等を反映したものとして、性的・身体的暴力による影響を記述したり、説明することに限られている。近年の研究から経験的な実証を援用して、女性の恐怖についての社会地理が発展した。そこでは、都市の空間利用に対して制約が課せられていること、危険の認知に関する公的空間と私的空間の違い、「安全な」場所と「危険な」場所へと空間が社会的に構築されること、女性空間に対する社会統制、という地理的分析の4つの重要な領域が注目されている。この枠組みの中で、社会階層、年齢、身体的障害、母であること、といった女性の属性が彼女たちの暴力的犯罪の体験やそれへの恐怖の反応を規定する様式が示される。, 1999, 4, 4, 109, 126

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• Not Refereed, Chiri(Kokonshoin), 古今書院, Geographical approach on issue of employed women (in Japanese), YOSHIDA Yoko, Dec. 1998, 43, 12, 40, 46

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• Not Refereed, Fukutake Science and Culture Foundation, Re-examination of residential space in large-scale of new town : from the viewpoint of private sphere (in Japanese), YOSHIDA Yoko, Nov. 1998, 139-145
• Not Refereed, Space, Society and Geographical Thought, Space, place and gender relations : Part I . Feminist empiricism and the geography of social relations, YOSHIDA Yoko, I はじめに : スタイルを損なうことについて : かつてVirginia Woolfは、「重大な議論を展望することは、外套のポケットに大きな包みを詰め込むようなものだ。つまり、スタイルを損なうことなのだ」と書いた。本論文において、またこの雑誌の次号において、フェミニスト地理学者によるここ10年間の論文を筆者が展望する中で、われわれの目的はたんに地理学という外套のスタイルを損なうことではなく、洋服それ自体を新たにデザインし直すことにあると示唆したい。……, 1998, 3, 3, 28, 46

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• Not Refereed, The Bulletin of The Institute of Economic Research(Akita University of Economic and Law), A study on female labor force : from the viewpoint of economic geography (in Japanese), YOSHIDA Yoko, Mar. 1996, 24, 39-44
• E-journal GEO, 公益社団法人 日本地理学会, ジェンダーの視点から何が見えるようになったか―日本の地理学研究における成果と可能性―, 吉田 容子; 影山 穂波; 倉光 ミナ子, 2020, 15, 1, 123, 127, 10.4157/ejgeo.15.123

  DOI URL
• Proceedings of the General Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers, The Association of Japanese Geographers, What can we clarify by taking a gender perspective?, YOSHIDA Yoko; KAGEYAMA Honami; KURAMITSU Minako,

  1．シンポジウム開催の背景と目的

  1960年代に欧米諸国で始まった第二波フェミニズムの担い手たちがアカデミアにも参入したことで，社会的文化的に構築されるジェンダーという概念が生み出された。1970年代に欧米諸国において誕生し展開してきたフェミニスト地理学の背景には，第二波フェミニズムのみならず，同時代に地理学内に興った人文主義地理学の影響もある。

  1990年代に入り，フェミニスト地理学研究がようやく日本の地理学界で紹介されるようになった。当初は，地理学に内在する男性中心主義や覇権主義に対する批判的議論が提起されるとともに，都市／郊外を事例に公的／私的空間の二項対立構造の中で生産／再生産労働を強いられる既婚女性の生活空間などに，多くの研究者が関心をもった。

  近年では，経済のグローバル化，新自由主義的な福祉政策の導入，労働市場における分業体制のフレキシブルな再編，価値観やライフスタイルの変化，心の性と身体の性の一致を自明視してきた従来の性自認（ジェンダー・アイデンティティ）の揺らぎ，などの影響を受け，二項対立的空間構造を前提としては捉えきれない社会経済的現実が生じてきている。さらに，近年の海外の地理学研究において身体という空間スケールをめぐる事象に関心が集まるようになると，日本の地理学においても，地図上には表象されにくい身体レベルの空間を対象とする研究や，日常空間が異性愛主義に満ちていることをセクシュアル・マイノリティの視点から検証する研究，都市空間における女性の身体をめぐる問題を国家権力の介在に着目して究明した研究など，その視点は多様化している。

  こうした潮流を受け，シンポジウムのテーマを「ジェンダーの視点から何が見えるようになったか」と設定した。各報告者の研究において，ジェンダーの視点から何を語ることができるのか，何を解明できるのかを報告していただき，それらを踏まえ，日本の地理学研究における成果や到達点，今後の課題，さらには，空間・場所を探究する地理学がジェンダーの視点を用いる有効性について議論する。

  ２．シンポジウムの概要

  第１部では，各報告者が，自身の研究で「ジェンダーの視点から何が見えるようになったか」を発表する（報告者と題目は以下を参照）。影山穂波氏「地理学におけるジェンダー視点の課題と展望」，久木元美琴氏「福祉サービスの地理学的研究におけるジェンダーの視点—保育・子育て支援の地理学の到達点と課題—」，湯澤規子氏「在来・近代産業を支える「労働」と「生活」の関係と論理—「生きること」を論じるジェンダー地理学—」，原口剛氏「マルクス主義とフェミニズムの接点—寄せ場・野宿の運動からの視角—」，須崎成二氏「空間／場所と性的少数者の視点」。第2部では，熊谷圭知氏とオーガナイザーの吉田からのコメントの後，関村オリエ氏の司会で総合討論の場を設ける。本シンポジウムを通じて，ジェンダーを含めた多様で重層的なアイデンティティの構築に関する検討が，社会的経験の産物としての空間・場所の理解にいかに重要であるかを確認する。

  , 2019, 2019, 0, 113, 113, 10.14866/ajg.2019a.0_113

  DOI URL
• ABSTRACTS of the Annual Meeting, The Human Geographical Society of Japan, The Human Geographical Society of Japan, The Power to Control Female Bodies in Urban Spaces, YOSHIDA Yoko, 2019, 2019, 0, 18, 21, 10.11518/hgeog.2019.0_18

  DOI URL
• 人文地理, 一般社団法人 人文地理学会, 関村オリエ著『都市郊外のジェンダー地理学―空間の変容と住民の地域「参加」―』, 吉田 容子, 2018, 70, 4, 502, 503, 10.4200/jjhg.70.04_502

  DOI URL
• Proceedings of the General Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers, The Association of Japanese Geographers, Geography curriculum framework and the competences expected of college graduates, TODOKORO Takashi; USUI Teruko; OKAMOTO Kohei; ODA Hironobu; YOSHIDA Yoko; YAMASHITA Hiroki; ISHIMARU Tetsuji, Geography curriculum framework and the competences expected of college graduates, 2012, 2012, 0, 100068, 100068, 10.14866/ajg.2012a.0_100068

  DOI URL
• 人文地理, 人文地理学会, 社会地理 ([人文地理]学界展望(2010年1月〜12月)), 吉田 容子, 2011, 63, 3, 241, 244

  Permalink
• 人文地理, 人文地理学会, Meeting reports: 25th meeting of Metropolitan Area Studies, 吉田 容子, 2008, 60, 1, 87, 90

  Permalink
• GEOGRAPHICAL SCIENCES, THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR GEOGRAPHICAL SCIENCES, Gendered Spaces in the Suburbs(Symposlum: The Diversification of Women's Work and Life in Japan: An Approach from Geography), YOSHIDA Yoko, 2006, 61, 3, 200, 209, 10.20630/chirikagaku.61.3_200

  PermalinkDOI URL
• 経済地理学年報, 経済地理学会, 武石報告へのコメント(コメントおよびそれに対する回答)([大会シンポジウム]「日本経済のリストラクチャリングと雇用の地理」), 吉田 容子, 2002, 48, 4, 356, 358, 10.20592/jaeg.48.4_356

  DOI URL
• 秋田地理, Akita University, Proceedings of Presentations at the General Meeting, 1994, 吉田 容子, Mar. 1995, 15, 18, 18
• アジア・ジェンダー文化学研究, 敗戦後の日本の都市空間はどう描かれたか－当時の新聞記事見出しを資料として－, 吉田容子, Mar. 2021, 5, Report research institution
• Not Refereed, 人文地理, 一般社団法人 人文地理学会, ジョニー シーガー著（中澤高志・大城直樹・荒又美陽・中川秀一・三浦尚子訳）『女性の世界地図―女たちの経験・現在地・これから―』, 吉田 容子, 2021, 73, 2, 216, 217, 10.4200/jjhg.73.02_216

  PermalinkDOI URL
• Not Refereed, 地図情報, 地図・グラフからみるジェンダー不平等, 吉田容子, 01 Feb. 2022, 41, 4, 4, 7
• 地理, 男女間の均等な雇用機会・待遇は実現されたか？, 吉田容子, Feb. 2024, 69, 2, 12, 13, Introduction other
• Not Refereed, 地理, 女性専用車両という空間を考える, 吉田容子, Sep. 2023, 68, 9, 8, 9, Introduction other

Books etc

• キーワードで読む経済地理学, 原書房, YOSHIDA Yoko, 分担, Jun. 2018, 563-574頁, Not Refereed
• コミュニティ事典, 春風社, YOSHIDA Yoko, Jun. 2017, 900-901頁, Not Refereed
• 人文地理学事典, 丸善出版, YOSHIDA Yoko, 分担, Sep. 2013, 60-61頁, Not Refereed
• ホスピタリティ入門, 新曜社, YOSHIDA Yoko, 分担, Apr. 2013, 42-49頁, Not Refereed
• 大学的奈良ガイド－こだわりの歩き方, 昭和堂, YOSHIDA Yoko, 分担, Apr. 2009, 253-267頁, Not Refereed
• 地理学概論, 朝倉書店, YOSHIDA Yoko, 分担, Apr. 2007, 111-113頁, Not Refereed
• 地域労働市場と女性就業, 古今書院, YOSHIDA Yoko, Feb. 2007, Not Refereed
• 都市空間の地理学, ミネルヴァ書房, YOSHIDA Yoko, 分担, Sep. 2006, 150-163頁, Not Refereed
• Social Geography in Spaces, Asakurashoten, YOSHIDA Yoko, Jun. 2004, 59-79頁, Not Refereed
• 岩波 女性学事典, 岩波書店, YOSHIDA Yoko, 分担, Jun. 2002, 541頁, Not Refereed
• Geography of Gender : Anthology of Feminist Geography, Kokonshoin, YOSHIDA Yoko, 分担, Apr. 2002, 21-54頁, Not Refereed
• Feminism and Geography : The Limits of Geographical Knowledge, Chijinshobo, YOSHIDA Yoko, Mar. 2001, Not Refereed
• Attractive Geographical Education, Ninomiyashoten, YOSHIDA Yoko, 分担, Jun. 1999, 168-172頁, Not Refereed
• 地図で読み解く奈良, かもがわ出版, 吉田容子, 第4章 大和郡山―都市空間の歴史, 10 Mar. 2022, 159p, 9784780312133

  CiNii Books URL
• 日本の都市地理学研究, 古今書院, 吉田容子, 都市のジェンダー研究, Mar. 2024

  共同研究・競争的資金等URL

Presentations

• Public symposium
• 吉田容子, 人文地理学会, 都市空間における身体と権力, Invited oral presentation, Nov. 2019
• YOSHIDA Yoko; Yoko Yoshdia, The 2018 IGU Regional Conference, Occupation forces and prostitution in Japan after World War Ⅱ, Oral presentation, Aug. 2018, True
• YOSHIDA Yoko, 日本学術会議公開シンポジウム, グローバリゼーションの進展と女性を取り巻く環境の変化, Apr. 2018, False
• YOSHIDA Yoko; YOSHIDA Yoko, The 33rd International Geographical Congress(IGC), Formation of entertainment districts around the U. S. military bases after the war in Okinawa: the politics of gendered space, Aug. 2016, True
• YOSHIDA Yoko; Yoshida Yoko, Pre-Conference of the IGU-Commission on Gender and Geography, What kind of community could be a “last home” for the elderly?, Aug. 2014, IGU-Commission on Gender and Geography, Warsaw, Poland, True
• YOSHIDA Yoko; YOSHIDA Yoko, Pre-Conference of the IGU-Commission on Gender and Geography, Toward the development of the geography of gender in Japan: advances in reserach and prospects, Aug. 2013, IGU-Commission on Gender and Geography, Nara, Japan, True
• YOSHIDA Yoko; Yoko Yoshida, The 32nd International Geographical Congerss(IGC), Lived world of elderly people in Japan:analyzing their life histoy, Aug. 2012, Cologne, Germany, True
• YOSHIDA Yoko, 人文地理学会第274回例会, 戦後佐世保市における風紀・衛生の取締りと都市形成, Dec. 2011, False
• YOSHIDA Yoko; Yoko Yoshida, International Sociological Association(ISA) Research Committee on Urban and Regional Development(RC21) Tokyo Conference 2008, Spatial politics about Rest and Recuperation Center for occupation army:a case study of ancient capital Nara, Japan, Dec. 2008, True
• YOSHIDA Yoko; Yoko Yoshdia, The 31st International Geographical Congress(IGC), Control of urban space in the period of reconstruction after the War, Aug. 2008, Tunis, Tunisia, True
• YOSHIDA Yoko, 人文地理学会都市圏研究部会, 戦後復興期における「特飲街」の形成と都市空間の秩序－沖縄県旧コザ市を事例として－, Nov. 2007, False
• YOSHIDA Yoko; Yoko Yoshida, 30th International Geographical Congress (IGC), ‘Security town’in Japan : from the viewpoint of gender, Aug. 2004, Glasgow, England, True
• Yoko YOSHIDA, 奈良女子大学 アジア・ジェンダー文化学研究センター 国際シンポジウム, How Japanese urban spaces were depicted after losing WWII : Examining newspaper headlines from the era, Nominated symposium, 12 Nov. 2020

  共同研究・競争的資金等URL
• 吉田容子, 日本地理学会秋季学術大会, 「つながり」の担い手としての若者移住者－「被災地」陸前高田の場所再構築と地理学－, Oral presentation, 17 Sep. 2023

  共同研究・競争的資金等URL

Awards

• ダイバーシティ研究環境実現イニシアティブ（牽引型）女性研究者賞, 奈良女子大学 ダイバーシティ推進センター, 吉田容子, Sep. 2020

Research Projects

• 01 Apr. 2018, 31 Mar. 2021, 18H00770, Coinvestigator
• 基盤研究(C), 01 Apr. 2017, 31 Mar. 2021, 17K03246, 日本における遊興街の生成・維持―戦後から現在までの都市空間誌―, 吉田 容子, 日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業 基盤研究(C), 奈良女子大学, 3510000, 2700000, 810000, 研究代表者はこれまで、日本の敗戦直後から各都市に進駐した連合国軍（米軍や英連邦軍）の駐留地周辺に売春街を含んだ大小いくつもの遊興街がつくられたことに関心をもち、占領期においてこうした遊興街がいかに形成されていったのかを、都市社会地理学的研究として取り組んできた。そこでは、占領期の都市空間にはらまれる重層的な権力関係について、とくにジェンダーの視点から捉えることに主眼を置いていた。 これまでの研究代表者の知見を踏まえ、本科研研究では対象時期を拡大して1952年の対日講和条約から現在までとした。また、ジェンダーの視点に加えてセクシュアリティやエスニシティの視点からも、都市空間内部における諸権力の関係を浮き彫りにしていくこととした。対象時期を拡げて研究代表者のこれまでの研究と時間的連続性をもたせる意図は、時代が経過しても遊興街が担う快楽的・性風俗的役割は温存され、今日の都市空間に内包されている場合が多いことを立証するためである。また、売春街を含んだ遊興街は売春女性の身体やそれをめぐる男性のセクシュアリティを包摂し、さらに時代の経過とともに、遊興街に関わる人々（そこでの雇用主および被雇用者）のエスニシティやセクシュアルアイデンティティも変化していることにかんがみ、多面的な視点から検討する必要があると考えた。 本年度は、沖縄県沖縄市や同県金武町において、ベトナム戦争前後から現在までの遊興街の推移について、現地で聞き取り調査を実施した。また、山口県岩国市についても、朝鮮戦争やベトナム戦争から現在までの遊興街の推移を都市計画や政府の対米政策との関係を中心に、地元図書館や国会図書館で資料収集を行った。これらの調査から、遊興街に関わる人々（のエスニシティやセクシュアルアイデンティティ）の変化にともなう多様な行為主体が、複雑な関係性を構築しながら遊興街が維持されてきたことが確認できた。, kaken;rm:books_etc

  対象リソースIRI
• Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), 01 Apr. 2014, 31 Mar. 2017, 26370923, Process of inequality in local community: focusing on social space with regard to various differences, YOSHIDA Yoko, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Nara Women's University, 2860000, 2200000, 660000, This study attempts to explain existing power relations among various actors in the local community, focusing on whether issues of inequality are influenced by their geographical backgrounds. My field survey in Kin-cho (Okinawa prefecture) showed that population flows from other areas, especially isolated islands around the Okinawa mainland, towards the entertainment district around the U.S. military base, in contrast to local people who despise businesses affecting public morals. Of late, the previous entertainment district has become a “receptacle” that accepts Filipinas owing to the progress of globalization. My survey of the Sorachi area (Hokkaido prefecture) showed that coal miners and their families, who had moved from various parts of the country to the Sorachi coal-mining area, identified their village as living spaces based on their relationships with their neighbors., url;kaken

  対象リソースIRI
• Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), 01 Apr. 2011, 31 Mar. 2014, 23320183, A human geography study of the Lost Decade : through a gender analysis of regional economics, YOSHIDA Yoko; KAGEYAMA Honami; KANDA Koji; NISHIMURA Yuichiro; MURATA Yohei, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Nara Women's University, 7670000, 5900000, 1770000, Amidst the continued economic downturn (the Lost Two Decades) since the Heisei Recession following the bubble-economy's collapse (the Lost Decade), this analysis focused on regions of significant local economic decline in Hokkaido with a particular emphasis on the three following points and investigated regional regeneration: 1) change to the regional economy and society in industrial areas which formerly saw a thriving trade in their collieries, iron and steel, and shipbuilding, 2) regional regeneration potential based on immigration policies promoted primarily by the Local Government of Hokkaido focusing on emigration to Hokkaido from outside, and 3) recent changes in Hokkaido's former tourist areas that stimulated the local economy., url;kaken

  対象リソースIRI
• Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research, 2011, 2013, 23652182, The life-histories of elderly people viewed from experiences of space/place : addressing the challenge of geography of the elderly, YOSHIDA Yoko; KAGEYAMA Honami; MOTOOKA Nanami, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research, Nara Women's University, 3380000, 2600000, 780000, From an interview survey of elderly people in the urban, suburban and depopulated regions of the Keihanshin (Kyoto-Osaka-Kobe) metropolitan area, the process by which local identities of elderly people are formed was delineated, and based on differences in the natural and social environment as well as in the attributes of elderly people in the surveyed region, the community forms and welfare services that elderly people require in local life were investigated. In particular, local identities of elderly people are formed through various local activities, and the survey verified the extent to which these identities influence the"now"of elderly people whose lives are based in local areas., url;kaken

  対象リソースIRI
• Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), 2007, 2010, 19320133, Commercializing Women in Urban Spaces : Socio-historical Geography of the U.S. Military Base and Neighboring Amusement Center, YOSHIDA Yoko; NAKASHIMA Koji; KAGEYAMA Honami; KATO Masahiro; KANDA Koji, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Nara Women's University, 8320000, 6400000, 1920000, This study investigated the process that space where women prostituted themselves after the war was shaped around the U.S. Military base in Okinawa Prefecture and the Mainland of Japan, from the viewpoint of social and historical geography. And, this study explained the reaction and activities of local residents for prostitutes and the military bases. The purpose of this study was almost attained by explaining the process of production of gendered spaces and revealing the various powers reflected in those spaces. We believe that this attempt contributed to the development of feminist geography in Japan by our challenge to reveal the gendered space from the view point of gender and sexuality., url;url;kaken

  対象リソースIRI
• Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), 2003, 2005, 15320118, The explanation of power relations in spaces and places : a case study of Okinawa from the viewpoints of feminist geographers, YOSHIDA Yoko; OSHIRO Naoki; FUKUDA Tamami; KAGEYAMA Honami; KATO Masahiro; YOSHIDA Michiyo, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Nara Women's University, 9000000, 9000000, The base of this research is our last result. (Term of project 2000-2002, Grant-in Aid for Scientific Research (B) (1)Analysis of geographical spaces from the viewpoint of gender, Head investigator : YOSHIDA Yoko, Project number : 12480016) In our last research project, we adopted gender and feminist viewpoint for geography and examined that spaces are always produced and reproduced by gender. Based on our result, the main purpose of this research is to show various factors including gender (in other words, power relations) which influence the production and reproduction of spaces. Because the historical context of Okinawa is very different from the Japanese mainland('hondo'), it is easy to grasp power relations being reflected in the urban space of Okinawa. YOSHIDA Yoko and KATO studied what kind of political power relations influenced pleasure areas (Kanraku-gai) where it was formed in the urban space of Okinawa in the postwar reconstruction term, by using the newspaper accounts in those days. KANDA paid attention to the sightseeing in Okinawa of the prewar term. He made sure that the gendered imaginative geography which male sightseer from hondo had reflected on Tsuji red-right district and this district strengthened a character as tourist space for men. OSHIRO did field work on Hawaiian settlers from Okinawa in Honolulu. He focused on the construction of their identity which was rooted in 'their place'. FUKUDA selected three museums where collect materials of Okinawa Battle. She pointed out each person's memories of the last war are displayed as whole memory or local memory of the area in these museums. YOSHIDA Michiyo paid attention to the migrant works from Okinawa to 'hondo', and explained the economic system over these workers. In addition, she exposed the existence of powers which include Okinawa into the external labor market of hondo. Okinawa in the prewar term was being seen as others from hondo, and in the postwar reconstruction term U.S.Armed Forces exploited Okinawa economically and politically and the bodies of Okinawa women, too. Power relations (including gender) are being reflected in the geographical space, Okinawa. We could show it (thought it was a part) in this research project., kaken

  対象リソースIRI
• Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), 2000, 2002, 12480016, An analysis of geographical spaces from the viewpoint of gender, YOSHIDA Yoko; KAGEYAMA Honami; FUKUDA Tamami; OHIRO Naoki; KATO Masahiro, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), 8900000, 8900000, The purpose of this research is to make clear the gender relations investigating the process in which gendered spaces come to be constructed while verifying how geographical spaces would be gendered by adopting the concepts of gender and feminist's viewpoint for geographical research. However, in Japan, since this kind of research is behind English-speaking countries and to have common theoretical framework among investigators, we translated Feminism and Geography (Polity Press and 1993), written by G.Rose who is one of the feminist geographers in UK, which has received high evaluation in English-speaking countries. And we were able to get a rich store of knowledge (this result is already published as a translated version from Chijin-Shobou in 2001). Following the publication of our translated version, we began to translate some papers of D.Massey which develops alternative space theory in the new context after postmodern getting an assistance of research cooperators who are in graduate course (Sugiyama and Haraguchi). (This result is also publishing schedule as a translated version after a while). The research using the feminist's viewpoint is still in the early stage in Japan. In this project we had an opportunity to communicate with overseas researchers by sending our information towards the foreign countries actively and aimed also at foundation-making which develops the feminist geography of our country into the next stage. A certain degree, our goal was attained by presentations of five investigators in the academic meeting held in the foreign countries every year. Especially in 2002, four persons including a research cooperator (Yamada) made oral presentations in 3rd International Critical Geography Conference, Hungary Bekescsaba. It was very significant chance to show how Japanese geographers struggle to gender issues in the context of East Asia., kaken

  対象リソースIRI
• 奨励研究(A), 1996, 1996, 08780134, 宅配便産業における既婚女性の行動空間, 吉田 容子, 日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業 奨励研究(A), 摂南大学, 1000000, 1000000, 経済の著しい成長期においては大型貨物輸送が飛躍的な伸びをみせたが、1973年の第一次石油危機を契機に商業物流が大幅に減少すると、小口荷物の輸送が注目されるようになった。小型貨物輸送サービスを行う宅配便は、76年に大手運輸会社によって始められ、80年代前半までの短期間のうちに、大手各社が宅配業務に着手した。このように宅配便は運輸会社によって始められたことから、体力的に女性よりも勝るとされる男性の就業が圧倒的で、いわゆる‘メンズ・ジョブ(男性向きの仕事)'として受け取られがちである。ところが、本研究における宅配企業各社への調査から、宅配業務の開始とほぼ同時期に、女性技能者(ドライバー)の採用が行われており、特に86年のいわゆる「男女雇用機会均等法」施行以降は、女性を積極的に採用している企業もある。 近年、労働市場への女性労働力の参入は著しく、宅配便産業も例外ではない。宅配便ドライバーは新卒採用のみならず随時中途採用が可能であり、労働面において男性ドライバーとほぼ同条件であるうえ、技能職に位置づけられている同性の事務職に比べ賃金面でも優遇されている。また、支店や事業所単位の採用であるため勤務地の移動がないということも、女性ドライバー増加要因の一つにあげられる。女性ドライバーは基本的に男性と同じ労働であるが、担当エリアに荷重配達物があれば男性の応援を頼むなどで対応する。さらに、エリア内での階段の多さ、昼食場所や手洗いの欠如など、女性にとって空間的な障害は多い。また、一口に女性ドライバーの増加といっても、都市部と地方とでは異なる状況にある。つまり、都市部では20歳代前半の未婚女性が目立つのに対し、地方では既婚女性が多く、30歳代〜50歳代まで年齢層も厚い。さらに、地方では自宅周辺が担当エリアと重なる場合が多く、既婚者は配達/集荷業務を早めに終え、買い物などの家事を済ませる。地方の女性ドライバーの行動空間は、生産活動の中に再生産活動が複雑に絡み合って形成されていると考えられる。, kaken

  対象リソースIRI
• 挑戦的研究(萌芽), Jun. 2022, Mar. 2025, 22K18504, コロナ禍において困窮する人びと－地域社会および地域労働市場の分析を通じて－, 吉田 容子, 日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業 挑戦的研究(萌芽), 奈良女子大学, 6370000, 4900000, 1470000
• Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Apr. 2018, Mar. 2022, 18H00770, Reconstructing Places in Rikuzentakata, a Tsunami hit area of the Great East Japan Disaster: Highlighting a Geography of Emotion, Body, Gender and Fudo (milieu), 熊谷 圭知; 大城 直樹; 倉光 ミナ子; 杉江 あい; 池口 明子; 小田 隆史; 吉田 容子; 関村 オリエ; 久島 桃代; 中島 弘二; 村田 陽平, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Ochanomizu University, 17290000, 13300000, 3990000, 今年度は、以下の活動を行なった。(１）陸前高田を軸とする被災地の現地調査。5月上旬：杉江、６月中旬：熊谷、関村、久島；８月上旬：熊谷、関村；１０月：吉田、倉光、関村が、それぞれ共同調査を実施。現地の研究協力者と連携しながら復興状況と場所喪失をめぐる課題について、行政関係者、現地NPO、防災集団移転の住宅地・災害公営住宅の住民などから聞き取り・資料収集を行なう。その他の分担者も個人で数回の調査を実施。 （２）研究成果の報告と共有。1)6月15日：陸前高田市で開催された国際開発学会第20回記念大会にて熊谷が報告（「被災地の復興と場所の再構築――2011～18年、陸前高田でのフィールドワークからの試論」）。学会員に加えて、地元の研究協力者たちも陪席し、終了後多くの貴重なコメントを得た。2)2月28日～29日：お茶の水女子大学で開催した科研グループ研究会にて、熊谷、吉田、大城、中島、池口、倉光、久島が報告。研究協力者の佐藤一男氏がコメント。また津波被災後の陸前高田を描いた映像作品「波のした、土のうえ」を上映。製作者の小森はるか・瀬尾夏美両氏の講演を得た。 （３）公開シンポジウムの開催（2020年2月29日、お茶の水女子大学）。陸前高田から研究協力者４名――佐藤一男氏（元米崎小学校仮設住宅自治会長）、岡本翔馬氏（桜ライン３１１代表）、東平享裕氏（桜ライン３１１理事）、菅原教文氏（酔仙酒造）――を招聘して、公開シンポジウムを開催（「私たちが『被災地』から受け取ったもの――陸前高田とお茶大、グローバル文化学環の９年間」）。熊谷、佐藤一男が報告、岡本がコメント。科研メンバーのほか、これまでの実習に参加したお茶大生・卒業生・教員、陸前高田関係者など、４０名以上の参加を得た。研究成果の一部を下記の論文として刊行した（熊谷圭知「陸前高田の原風景と風土の復興」『環境と公害』Vol.49 No.4：pp.31-36.), kaken;rm:presentations

  対象リソースIRI

Ⅲ．社会連携活動実績

１．公的団体の委員等（審議会、国家試験委員、他大学評価委員，科研費審査委員等）

• 2020, 9999